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301 Fowlie, S.; Eastwood, M.A.; Ford, M.J.
Irritable bowel syndrome
The influence of psychological factors on the symptom complex
J Psychosom Res, 1992, 36(2), 169-173
Observational trial, Clinical research, Complementary and alternative medicine, Conventional medicine, Gastrointestinal tract, Psychosomatic medicine, Irritable bowel syndrome
302 El-Kamary, S.S.; Shardell, M.D.; Abdel-Hamid, M.; Ismail, S.; El-Ateek, M.; Metwally, M.; Mikhail, N.; Hashem, M.; Mousa, A.; Aboul-Fotouh, A.; El-Kassas, M.; Esmat, G.; Strickland, G.T.
A randomized controlled trial to assess the safety and efficacy of silymarin on symptoms, signs and biomarkers of acute hepatitis
Phytomed, 2009, 16(5), 391-400
Hepatitis, Clinical research, Complementary and alternative medicine, Gastrointestinal tract, Phytomedicine, Placebo-controlled, Randomized trial, milk thistle
303 Enck, P.; Vinson, B.; Malfertheiner, P.; Zipfel, S.; Klosterhalfen, S.
The placebo response in functional dyspepsia
Reanalysis of trial data
Neurogastroenterol Motil, 2009, 21(4), 370-377
Dyspepsia, Iberogast, Clinical research, Kombinationsarzneimittel, Complementary and alternative medicine, Gastrointestinal tract, Phytomedicine, Placebo-controlled, Randomized trial
304 Zeng, F.; Song, W.Z.; Liu, X.G.; Xie, H.J.; Tang, Y.; Shan, B.C.; Liu, Z.H.; Yu, S.G.; Liang, F.R.
Brain areas involved in acupuncture treatment on functional dyspepsia patients
A PET-CT study
Neurosci Lett, 2009, 456(1), 6-10
Acupuncture, Dyspepsia, Brain, Clinical research, Complementary and alternative medicine, Gastrointestinal tract, Nervous system, Non-randomized trial, Traditional Chinese medicine
305 Young, M.F.; McCarthy, P.W.; King, S.J.
Chiropractic manual intervention in chronic adult dyspepsia
A pilot study
Clin Chiropract, 2009, 12(1), 28-34
Observational trial, Chiropractic, Dyspepsia, Clinical research, Complementary and alternative medicine, Gastrointestinal tract, Manual therapy
306 Lembo, A.J.; Conboy, L.; Kelley, J.M.; Schnyer, R.S.; McManus, C.A.; Quilty, M.T.; Kerr, C.E.; Drossman, D.; Jacobson, E.E.; Davis, R.B.; Kaptchuk, T.J.
A treatment trial of acupuncture in IBS patients
Am J Gastroenterol, 2009, 104, 1489-1497
Acupuncture, Clinical research, Complementary and alternative medicine, Gastrointestinal tract, Placebo-controlled, Randomized trial, Irritable bowel syndrome, Traditional Chinese medicine
307 Ray-Coquard, I.L.; Provencal, J.; Hardy-Bessard, A.C.; Bachelot, T.; Coeffic, D.; Jacquin, J.P.; Guastalla, J.P.; Agostini, C.; Pivot, X.; Bajard, A.; Pérol, D.
Can adjuvant homeopathy improve the control of post-chemotherapy emesis in breast cancer patients?
Results of a randomized placebo-controlled trial
J Clin Oncol, 2009, 27(15 Suppl.), e20566 (Abstract)
Breast cancer, Cocculus, Vomiting, Homeopathy, Clinical research, Complementary and alternative medicine, Cancer, Gastrointestinal tract, Nux vomica, Petroleum rectificatum, Placebo-controlled, Randomized trial, Tabacum
308 Ferenci, P.; Scherzer, T.M.; Kerschner, H.; Rutter, K.; Beinhardt, S.; Hofer, H.; Schöniger-Hekele, M.; Holzmann, H.; Steindl-Munda, P.
Silibinin is a potent antiviral agent in patients with chronic hepatitis C not responding to pegylated interferon/ribavirin therapy
Gastroenterol, 2008, 135(5), 1561-1567
Observational trial, Hepatitis, Clinical research, Complementary and alternative medicine, Gastrointestinal tract, Phytomedicine, milk thistle
309 Zick, S.M.; Ruffin, M.T.; Lee, J.; Normolle, D.P.; Siden, R.; Alrawi, S.; Brenner, D.E.
Phase II trial of encapsulated ginger as a treatment of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting
Support Care Cancer, 2009, 17(5), 563-572
Vomiting, Clinical research, Complementary and alternative medicine, Cancer, Gastrointestinal tract, Phytomedicine, Placebo-controlled, Randomized trial, Sickness, ginger
310 Fedirko, V.; Bostick, R.M.; Flanders, W.D.; Long, Q.; Shaukat, A.; Rutherford, R.E.; Daniel, C.R.; Cohen, V.; Dash, C.
Effects of vitamin D and calcium supplementation on markers of apoptosis in normal colon mucosa
A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial
Cancer Prev Res (Phila PA), 2009, 2(3), 213-223
Calciferol, Darm, Colon, Nutrition/diet, Clinical research, Complementary and alternative medicine, Gastrointestinal tract, Dietary supplementation, Placebo-controlled, Randomized trial, Vitamins
311 Scaglia, M.; Delaini, G.; Destefano, i.; Hultén, L.
Fecal incontinence treated with acupuncture
A pilot study
Auton Neurosci, 2009, 145(1-2), 89-92
Acupuncture, Observational trial, Encopresis, Gynaecology, Clinical research, Complementary and alternative medicine, Gastrointestinal tract, Traditional Chinese medicine
312 Frank, J.; George, T.W.; Lodge, J.K.; Rodriguez-Mateos, A.M.; Spencer, J.P.E.; Minihane, A.M.; Rimbach, G.
Daily consumption of an aqueous green tea extract supplement does not impair liver function or alter cardiovascular disease risk biomarkers in healthy men
J Nutr, 2009, 139(1), 58-62
Camellia, Camellia sinensis, Healthy probands, Cardiovascular diseases, Clinical research, Complementary and alternative medicine, Liver, Gastrointestinal tract, Phytomedicine, Placebo-controlled, Randomized trial, Tea, Adverse effect
313 Takahashi, H.
Effects of acupuncture on terminal cancer patients in the home care setting
Med Acupunct, 2009, 21(2), 123-129
Acupuncture, Observational trial, Chronic fatigue syndrome, Vomiting, Clinical research, Complementary and alternative medicine, Cancer, Gastrointestinal tract, Palliative care, Mental diseases, Sleep disorders, Pain, Traditional Chinese medicine, Sickness
314 Ozgoli, G.; Goli, M.; Simbar, M.
Effects of ginger capsules on pregnancy, nausea, and vomiting
J Altern Complement Med, 2009, 15(3), 243-246
Vomiting, Gynaecology, Clinical research, Complementary and alternative medicine, Gastrointestinal tract, Phytomedicine, Randomized trial, Obstetrics, Sickness, ginger
315 Puttler, K.; Jaklic, B.; Rieg, T.S.; Lucha, P.A. Jr.
Reduction of conscious sedation requirements by olfactory stimulation
A prospective randomized single-blinded trial
J Altern Complement Med, 2009, 15(4), 381-385
Aromatherapy, Clinical research, Complementary and alternative medicine, Gastrointestinal tract, Phytomedicine, Prunus, Prunus avium, Randomized trial, Pain
316 Michalsen, A.; Frey, U.H.; Merse, S.; Siffert, W.; Dobos, G.J.
Hunger and mood during extended fasting are dependent on the GNB3 C825T polymorphism
Ann Nutr Metab, 2009, 54(3), 184-188
Observational trial, Fasting, Genetics, Clinical research, Complementary and alternative medicine, Gastrointestinal tract, Psychology/psychotherapy
317 Moss-Morris, R.; McAlpine, L.; Didsbury, L.P.; Spence, M.J.
A randomized controlled trial of a cognitive behavioural therapy-based self-managment intervention for irritable bowel syndrome in primary care
Psychol Med, 2010, 40(1), 85-94
Clinical research, Cognitive behavioral therapy, Complementary and alternative medicine, Gastrointestinal tract, Mind-body medicine, Psychology/psychotherapy, Randomized trial, Irritable bowel syndrome
318 Grube, T.; Uhlemann, C.; Weiss, T.; Meissner, W.
Einfluss von Akupunktur auf postoperative Schmerzen, Übelkeit und Erbrechen nach viszeralen Eingriffen
Eine prospektive, randomisierte Vergleichsstudie mit Metamizol und Standardbehandlung
Schmerz, 2009, 23(4), 370-376
Acupuncture, Surgery, Vomiting, Clinical research, Complementary and alternative medicine, Gastrointestinal tract, Randomized trial, Pain, Traditional Chinese medicine, Sickness
319 Silva, J.B.G. da; Nakamura, M.U.; Cordeiro, J.A.; Kulay, L. jr.; Saidah, R.
Acupuncture for dyspepsia in pregnancy
A prospective, randomised, controlled study
Acupunct Med, 2009, 27(2), 50-53
Acupuncture, Dyspepsia, Gynaecology, Clinical research, Complementary and alternative medicine, Gastrointestinal tract, Randomized trial, Obstetrics, Traditional Chinese medicine
320 Korinenko, Y.; Vincent, A.; Cutshall, S.M.; Li., Z.; Sundt, T.M.
Efficacy of acupuncture in prevention of postoperative nausea in cardiac surgery patients
Ann Thorac Surg, 2009, 88, 537-542
Acupuncture, Surgery, Clinical research, Complementary and alternative medicine, Gastrointestinal tract, Postoperative complaints, Prevention, Randomized trial, Traditional Chinese medicine, Sickness, Sickness (pregnancy)
321 Winter, Y.; Wegener, T.
Zuverlässige Wirkungen des Presssaftes aus Artischockenblütenknospen bei Verdauungsbeschwerden
Ergebniss einer praxisnahen Therapiestudie
Z Phytother, 2009, 30(3), 111-116
Observational trial, Cynara cardunculus subsp. flavescens, Clinical research, Complementary and alternative medicine, Gastrointestinal tract, Phytomedicine, Juice/distillate
322 Wong, R.K.; Fang, S.Q.; Lee, T.L.; Ho, K.Y.
Acupuncture therapy improves bloating in functional dyspepsia patients
A randomized controlled trial of sham vs real acupuncture
Gastroenterol, 2009, Suppl., A-182; (S1071) (Abstract)
Acupuncture, Dyspepsia, Clinical research, Complementary and alternative medicine, Gastrointestinal tract, Placebo-controlled, Randomized trial, Traditional Chinese medicine
323 Yao, S.; Yao, X.
Effect of acupuncture on proximal gastric motility in patients with functional dyspepsia
A randomized, controlled clinical study
Gastroenterol, 2009, Suppl., A-785; (W2071) (Abstract)
Acupuncture, Dyspepsia, Clinical research, Complementary and alternative medicine, Stomach, Gastrointestinal tract, Placebo-controlled, Randomized trial, Traditional Chinese medicine
324 Park, Y.C.; Kang, W.; Choi, S.M.; Son, C.G.
Evaluation of manual acupuncture at classical and nondefined points for treatment of functional dyspepsia
A randomized-controlled trial
J Altern Complement Med, 2009, 15(8), 879-884
Acupuncture, Dyspepsia, Clinical research, Complementary and alternative medicine, Gastrointestinal tract, Randomized trial, Traditional Chinese medicine
325 Kaptchuk, T.J.; Shaw, J.; Kerr, C.E.; Conboy, L.A.; Kelley, J.M.; Csordas, T.J.; Lembo, A.J.; Jacobson, E.E.
"Maybe I made up the whole thing"
Placebos and patients experiences in a randomized controlled trial
Cult Med Psych, 2009, 33, 382-411
Acupuncture, Anxiety, Doctor-patient relationship, Clinical research, Complementary and alternative medicine, Gastrointestinal tract, Placebo, Placebo-controlled, Practice, Mental diseases, Randomized trial, Irritable bowel syndrome, Traditional Chinese medicine
326 Oikawa, T.; Ito, G.; Hoshino, T.; Koyama, H.; Hanawa, T.
Hangekobokuto (Banxia-houpo-tang), a kampo medicine that treats functional dyspepsia
eCAM, 2009, 6(3), 375-378
Dyspepsia, Hange-koboku-to, Clinical research, Kombinationsarzneimittel, Complementary and alternative medicine, Gastrointestinal tract, Non-randomized trial, Traditional Japanese medicine
327 Huber, R.; Müller, M.; Naumann, J.; Schenk, T.; Lüdtke, R.
Artichoke leave extract for chronic hepatitis C
A pilot study
Phytomed, 2009, 16(9), 801-804
Observational trial, Cynara cardunculus subsp. flavescens, Hepatitis, Clinical research, Complementary and alternative medicine, Gastrointestinal tract, Phytomedicine
328 Bijkerk, C.J.; Wit, N.J. de; Muris, W.M.; Whorwell, P.J.; Knottnerus, J.A.; Hoes, A.W.
Soluble or insoluble fibre in irritable bowel syndrome in primary care?
Randomised placebo controlled trial
BMJ, 2009, 339, (1-7)
Fiber, Diet, Nutrition/diet, Clinical research, Complementary and alternative medicine, Gastrointestinal tract, Placebo-controlled, Randomized trial, Irritable bowel syndrome
329 Zheng, H.; Tian, X.-P.; Li, Y.; Liang, F.-R.; Yu, S.-G.; Liu, X.-G.; Tang, Y.; Yang, X.-G.; Yan, J.; Sun, G.-J.; Chang, X.-R.; Zhang, H.-X.; Ma, T.-T.; Yu, S.-Y.
Acupuncture as a treatment for functional dyspepsia
Design and methods of a randomized controlled trial
Trials, 2009, 10(1), 75; (1-7)
Acupuncture, Dyspepsia, Clinical research, Complementary and alternative medicine, Gastrointestinal tract, Methodology, Randomized trial, Theory, Traditional Chinese medicine
330 Woodward, S.; Norton, C.; Barriball, K.L.
A pilot study of the effectiveness of reflexology in treating idiopathic constipation in women
Complement Ther Clin Pract, 2010, 16(1), 41-46
Observational trial, Gynaecology, Clinical research, Complementary and alternative medicine, Gastrointestinal tract, Manual therapy, Reflex therapy, Constipation
331 Taspinar, A.; Sirin, A.
Effect of acupressure on chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting in gynecologic cancer patients in Turkey
Eur J Oncol Nurs, 2009, 14(1), 49-54
Acupressure, Acupuncture, Observational trial, Vomiting, Gynaecology, Clinical research, Complementary and alternative medicine, Cancer, Gastrointestinal tract, Traditional Chinese medicine, Sickness
332 Anastasi, J.K.; McMahon, D.J.; Kim, G.H.
Symptom management for irritable bowel syndrome
A pilot randomized controlled trial of acupuncture/moxibustion
Gastroenterol Nurs, 2009, 32(4), 243-255
Acupuncture, Clinical research, Complementary and alternative medicine, Gastrointestinal tract, Moxibustion, Placebo-controlled, Randomized trial, Irritable bowel syndrome, Traditional Chinese medicine
333 Reinthal, M.; Andersson, S.; Gustafsson, M.; Plos, K.; Lund, I.; Lundeberg, T.; Gustaf Rosén, K.
Effects of minimal acupuncture in children with infantile colic
A prospective, quasi-randomized single blind controlled trial
Acupunct Med, 2008, 26(3), 171-182
Acupuncture, Clinical research, Colic, Complementary and alternative medicine, Gastrointestinal tract, Pediatrics, Randomized trial, Traditional Chinese medicine
334 Gottschling, S.; Reindl, T.K.; Meyer, S.; Berrang, J.; Henze, G.; Graeber, G.; Ong, M.F.; Graf, N.
Acupuncture to alleviate chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting in pediatric oncology
A randomized multicenter crossover pilot trial
Klin Pädiatr, 2008, 220(6), 365-370
Acupuncture, Vomiting, Clinical research, Complementary and alternative medicine, Cancer, Gastrointestinal tract, Pediatrics, Randomized trial, Traditional Chinese medicine, Sickness
335 Bierner, M.; Berg, T.
Silibin besitzt hohe antivirale Aktivität bei Hepatitis C und stellt eine neue, dringend erwartete Therapieoption für schwer zu behandelnde Fälle dar
Z Phytother, 2009, 30(Suppl.1 Kongressband), S6 (Abstract; Symposiumsbeitrag)
Case report, Hepatitis, Complementary and alternative medicine, Legalon, Gastrointestinal tract, Phytomedicine, Practice
336 Madisch, A.; Miehlke, S.; Eichele, O.; Bethke, B.; Mrwa, J.; Kuhlisch, E.; Bästlein, B.; Wilhelms, G.; Debus, M.; Wigginghaus, B.; Stolte, M.
Boswellia-serrata-Extrakt bei kollagener Kolitis
Eine randomisierte, placebokontrollierte, doppelblinde Multicenterstudie
Z Phytother, 2009, 30(Suppl.1 Kongressband), S11-S12 (Abstract; Symposiumsbeitrag)
Boswellia, Clinical research, Complementary and alternative medicine, Gastrointestinal tract, Phytomedicine, Placebo-controlled, Randomized trial
337 Liu, M.L.; Chien, L.Y.; Tai, C.J.; Lin, K.C.; Tai, C.J.
Effectiveness of traditional Chinese mecicine for liver protection and chemotherapy completion among cancer patients
eCAM, 2011, 2011, 291843; (1-8)
Clinical research, Complementary and alternative medicine, Cancer, Liver, Gastrointestinal tract, Non-randomized trial, Prevention, Traditional Chinese medicine
338 Wulff, B.; Schmidt, C.; Lehmann, N.; Liu, Y.; Eggert, A.; Kremens, B.; Dobos, G.; Spahn, G.
Pericardium 6 acupressure and acupuncture as additive antiemetic therapy during chemotherapy in children and adolescents
A randomized placebo-controlled pilot study
Eur J Integr Med, 2009, 1(4), 205-206 (Abstract; Symposiumsbeitrag)
Acupressure, Acupuncture, Vomiting, Clinical research, Complementary and alternative medicine, Cancer, Gastrointestinal tract, Pediatrics, Placebo-controlled, Randomized trial, Traditional Chinese medicine, Sickness
339 Paterson, C.; Unwin, J.; Joire, D.
Outcomes of traditional Chinese medicine (traditional acupuncture) treatment for people with long-term conditions
Complement Ther Clin Pract, 2010, 16, 3-9
Acupuncture, Observational trial, Muscoskeletal -/Connective tissue system, Chronic diseases, Assesment, Clinical research, Complementary and alternative medicine, Gastrointestinal tract, Mental diseases, Traditional Chinese medicine
340 Belcaro, G.; Cesarone, M.R.; Errichi, B.; Di Renzo, A.; Grossi, M.G.; Ricci, A.; Dugall, M.; Cornelli, U.; Cacchio, M.; Rohdewald, P.
Pycnogenol treatment of acute hemorrhoidal episodes
Phytother Res, 2010, 24(3), 438-444
Hemorrhoids, Clinical research, Complementary and alternative medicine, Gastrointestinal tract, Phytomedicine, Placebo-controlled, Pycnogenol, Randomized trial
341 Stellon, A.; Palmer, T.
Acupuncture as an alternative to Diazepam sedation for diagnostic endoscopy
Acupunct Med, 1999, 17(1), 2-4
Acupuncture, Clinical research, Complementary and alternative medicine, Gastrointestinal tract, Mental diseases, Randomized trial, Stress, Traditional Chinese medicine
342 Qu, Y.; Gan, H.Q.; Mei, Q.B.
Study on the effect of Jia-Wei-Xiao-Yao-San decoction on patients with functional dyspepsia
Phytother Res, 2010, 24(2), 245-248
Observational trial, Dyspepsia, Chinese medicinal herbs, Clinical research, Complementary and alternative medicine, Gastrointestinal tract, Phytomedicine, Traditional Chinese medicine
343 Tarsuslu, T.; Bol, H.; Simsek, I.E.; Toylan, I.E.; Cam, S.
The effects of osteopathic treatment on constipation in children with cerebral palsy
A pilot study
J Manipulative Physiol Ther, 2009, 32(8), 648-653
Infections, Poliomyelitis, Clinical research, Complementary and alternative medicine, Gastrointestinal tract, Manual therapy, Nervous system, Non-randomized trial, Osteopathy, Pediatrics, Constipation, Zerebralparese
344 Zhang, L.; Wang, G.; Hou, W.; Li, P.; Dulin, A.; Bonkovsky, H.L.
Contemporary clinical research of traditional Chinese medicines for chronic hepatitis B in China
An analytical review
Hepatology, 2010, 51(2), 690-698
Hepatitis, Clinical research, Complementary and alternative medicine, Gastrointestinal tract, Meta-analysis, Traditional Chinese medicine, Review (CR)
345 Lahmann, C.; Röhricht, F.; Sauer, N.; Noll-Hussong, M.; Ronel, J.; Henrich, G.; Arnim, A. von; Loew, T.
Functional relaxation as complementary therapy in irritable bowel syndrome
A randomized, controlled clinical trial
J Altern Complement Med, 2010, 16(1), 47-52
Clinical research, Complementary and alternative medicine, Gastrointestinal tract, Mind-body medicine, Randomized trial, Irritable bowel syndrome
346 El-Rakshy, M.; Clark, S.C.; Thompson, J.; Thant, M.
Effect of intraoperative electroacupuncture on postoperative pain, analgesic requirements, nausea and sedation
A randomised controlled trial
Acupunct Med, 2009, 27(1), 9-12
Acupuncture, Surgery, Electroacupuncture, Clinical research, Complementary and alternative medicine, Gastrointestinal tract, Placebo-controlled, Randomized trial, Pain, Traditional Chinese medicine, Sickness, Chronic pain
347 Dabos, K.J.; Sfika, E.; Vlatta, L. J.; Giannikopoulos, G.
The effect of mastic gum on Helicobacter pylori
A randomized pilot study
Phytomed, 2010, 17(3-4), 296-299
Helicobacter pylori, Infections, Clinical research, Complementary and alternative medicine, Gastrointestinal tract, Phytomedicine, pistachio, Pistacia lentiscus, Randomized trial
348 Jiang, M.; Zhao, J.; Lu, A.; Zha, Q.; He, Y.
Does gastrointestinal adverse drug reaction influence therapeutic effect in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis?
J Altern Complement Med, 2010, 16(2), 143-144
Arthritis, Muscoskeletal -/Connective tissue system, Vomiting, Clinical research, Complementary and alternative medicine, Conventional medicine, Gastrointestinal tract, Randomized trial, Rheumatic diseases, Traditional Chinese medicine, Sickness, Adverse effect
349 Saito, Y.A.; Rey, E.; Almazar-Elder, A.E.; Harmsen, W.S.; Zinsmeister, A.R.; Locke, G.R.; Talley, N.J.
A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of St John's wort for treating irritable bowel syndrome
Am J Gastroenterol, 2010, 105(1), 170-177
Hypericum, St John's wort, Clinical research, Complementary and alternative medicine, Gastrointestinal tract, Phytomedicine, Placebo-controlled, Randomized trial, Irritable bowel syndrome
350 Larson, J.D.; Gutowski, K.A.; Marcus, B.C.; Rao, V.K.; Avery, P.G.; Stacey, D.H.; Yang, R.Z.
The effect of electroacustimulation on postoperative nausea, vomiting, and pain in outpatient plastic surgery patients
A prospective, randomized, blinded, clinical trial
Plast Reconstr Surg, 2010, 125(3), 989-994
Acupuncture, Electroacupuncture, Vomiting, Clinical research, Complementary and alternative medicine, Gastrointestinal tract, Postoperative complaints, Randomized trial, Pain, Traditional Chinese medicine, Sickness
351 Krebs, S.; Omer, T. N.; Omer, B.
Wormwood (Artemisia absinthium) suppresses tumour necrosis factor alpha and accelerates healing in patients with Crohn's disease
A controlled clinical trial
Phytomed, 2010, 17(5), 305-309
Artemisia, Artemisia absinthium, Clinical research, Complementary and alternative medicine, Gastrointestinal tract, Crohn's disease, Phytomedicine, Randomized trial
352 Ladas, E.J.; Kroll, D.J.; Oberlies, N.H.; Cheng, B.; Ndao, D.H.; Rheingold, S.R.; Kelly, K.M.
A randomized, controlled, double-blind, pilot study of milk thistle for the treatment of hepatotoxicity in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL)
Cancer, 2010, 116(2), 506-513
Clinical research, Complementary and alternative medicine, Cancer, Liver, Leukaemia, Gastrointestinal tract, Phytomedicine, Placebo-controlled, Randomized trial, milk thistle, Adverse effect
353 Joos, S.; Wildau, N.; Kohnen, R.; Szecsenyi, J.; Schuppan, D.; Willich, S.N.; Hahn, E.G.; Brinkhaus, B.
Acupuncture and moxibustion in the treatment of ulcerative colitis
A randomized controlled study
Scand J Gastroenterol, 2006, 41, 1056-1063
Acupuncture, Ulcerative colitis, Clinical research, Complementary and alternative medicine, Gastrointestinal tract, Moxibustion, Placebo-controlled, Randomized trial, Traditional Chinese medicine
354 Jacobs, J.; Malthouse, S.; Chapman, E.; Jiménez, L.M.; Crothers, D.
Childhood diarrhea
Results from Nepal and combined analysis
Liga Medicorum Homoeopathica Internationalis (L.M.H.I.): 52nd Congress of the Liga Medicorum Homeopathica Internationalis, 28 May - 1 June 1997, Seattle, Washington, USA., 1997, 81-83 (Symposiumsbeitrag)
Diarrhoeal disorder, Homeopathy, Clinical research, Complementary and alternative medicine, Gastrointestinal tract, Pediatrics, Placebo-controlled, Randomized trial
355 Bandyopadhyay, U.; Biswas, K.; Sengupta, A.; Moitra, P.; Dutta, P.; Sarkar, D.; Debnath, P.; Ganguly, C.K.; Banerjee, R.K.
Clinical studies on the effect of Neem (Azadirachta indica) bark extract on gastric secretion and gastroduodenal ulcer
Life Sci, 2004, 75(24), 2867-2878
Azadirachta indica, Observational trial, Clinical research, Complementary and alternative medicine, Gastrointestinal tract, Gastric ulcer, Phytomedicine, Duodenal ulcer
356 Fujimoto, M.; Tsuneyama, K.; Kinoshita, H.; Goto, H.; Takano, Y.; Selmi, C.; Keen, C.L.; Gershwin, M.E.; Shimada, Y.
The traditional Japanese formula keishibukuryogan reduces liver injury and inflammation in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease
Ann NY Acad Sci, 2010, 1190(1), 151-158
Observational trial, Keishi-bukuryo-gan, Clinical research, Kombinationsarzneimittel, Complementary and alternative medicine, Liver cirrhosis, Gastrointestinal tract, Traditional Japanese medicine
357 Matthes, H.; Krummenerl, T.; Giensch, M.; Wolff, C.; Schulze, J.
Clinical trial
Probiotic treatment of acute distal ulcerative colitis with rectally administered Escherichia coli Nissle 1917 (EcN)
BMC Complement Altern Med, 2010, 10, 13; (1-8)
Ulcerative colitis, Clinical research, Complementary and alternative medicine, Gastrointestinal tract, Microbiological therapy, Placebo-controlled, Randomized trial
358 Ljótsson, B.; Falk, L.; Wibron Vesterlund, A.; Hedman, E.; Lindfors, P.; Rück, C.; Hursti, T.; Andréewitch, S.; Jansson, L.; Lindefors, N.; Andersson, G.
Internet-delivered exposure and mindfulness based therapy for irritable bowel syndrome
A randomized controlled trial
Behav Res Ther, 2010, 48(6), 531-539
Depression, Clinical research, Cognitive behavioral therapy, Complementary and alternative medicine, Gastrointestinal tract, Mind-body medicine, Mental diseases, Psychology/psychotherapy, Randomized trial, Irritable bowel syndrome
359 Berle, C.A.; Cobbin, D.; Smith, N.; Zaslawski, C.
A novel approach to evaluate traditional Chinese medicine treatment outcomes using pattern identification
J Altern Complement Med, 2010, 16(4), 357-367
Hepatitis, Clinical research, Complementary and alternative medicine, Gastrointestinal tract, Methodology, Randomized trial, Theory, Traditional Chinese medicine
360 Roscoe, J.A.; Bushunow, P.; Jean-Pierre, P.; Heckler, C.E.; Purnell, J.Q.; Peppone, L.J.; Chen, Y.; Ling, M.N.; Morrow, G.R.
Acupressure bands are effective in reducing radiation therapy-related nausea
J Pain Symptom Manage, 2009, 38(3), 381-389
Acupressure, Acupuncture, Clinical research, Complementary and alternative medicine, Cancer, Gastrointestinal tract, Randomized trial, Traditional Chinese medicine, Sickness
361 Frey, U.H.; Funk, M.; Löhlein, C.; Peters, J.
Effect of P6 acustimulation on post-operative nausea and vomiting in patients undergoing a laparoscopic cholecystectomy
Acta Anaesthesiol Scand, 2009, 53(10), 1341-1347
Acupressure, Acupuncture, Surgery, Vomiting, Clinical research, Complementary and alternative medicine, Gastrointestinal tract, Placebo-controlled, Postoperative complaints, Randomized trial, Traditional Chinese medicine, Sickness, Adverse effect
362 Kelley, J.M.; Lembo, A.J.; Ablon, J.S.; Villanueva, J.J.; Conboy, L.A.; Levy, R.; Marci, C.D.; Kerr, C.E.; Kirsch, I.; Jacobson, E.E.; Riess, H.; Kaptchuk, T.J.
Patient and practitioner influences on the placebo effect in irritable bowel syndrome
Psychosomatic Med, 2009, 71(7), 789-797
Acupuncture, Doctor-patient relationship, Observational trial, Clinical research, Complementary and alternative medicine, Gastrointestinal tract, Placebo, Practice, Irritable bowel syndrome, Traditional Chinese medicine
363 Kawahara, H.; Mitani, Y.; Nomura, M.; Nose, K.; Yoneda, A.; Hasegawa, T.; Kubota, A.; Fukuzawa, M.
Impact of rikkunshito, an herbal medicine, on delayed gastric emptying in profoundly handicapped patients
Pediatr Surg Int, 2009, 25(11), 987-990
Observational trial, Clinical research, Kombinationsarzneimittel, Complementary and alternative medicine, Gastrointestinal tract, Pediatrics, Phytomedicine, Rikkunshi-to, Traditional Japanese medicine
364 Picon, P.D.; Picon, R.V.; Costa, A.F.; Sander, G.B.; Amaral, K.M.; Aboy, A.L.; Henriques, A.T.
Randomized clinical trial of a phytotherapic compound containing Pimpinella anisum, Foeniculum vulgare, Sambucus nigra, and Cassia augustifolia for chronic constipation
BMC Complement Altern Med, 2010, 10(1), 17; (1-9)
Cassia, Cassia angustifolia, Foeniculum vulgare, Clinical research, Kombinationsarzneimittel, Complementary and alternative medicine, Gastrointestinal tract, Phytomedicine, Pimpinella, Pimpinella anisum, Placebo-controlled, Randomized trial, Sambucus, Constipation
365 De, B.K.; Dutta, D.; Pal, S.K.; Gangopadhyay, S.; Das Baksi, S.; Pani, A.
The role of garlic in hepatopulmonary syndrome
A randomized controlled trial
Can J Gastroenterol, 2010, 24(3), 183-188
Allium, Allium sativum, Respiratory diseases, Clinical research, Complementary and alternative medicine, Liver, Lung, Gastrointestinal tract, Phytomedicine, Placebo-controlled, Randomized trial
366 Arslan, G.G.; Eser, I.
An examination of the effect of castor oil packs on constipation in the elderly
A randomized controlled trial
Complement Ther Clin Pract, 2011, 17(1), 58-62
Geriatrics, Clinical research, Complementary and alternative medicine, Gastrointestinal tract, Oil, Physical therapy, Phytomedicine, Randomized trial, Rizinus communis, Constipation, Compress
367 Sannia, A.
Un'esperienza di fitoterapia con una asociazione di fitocomplessi ad attività epatoprotettrice contenente un estratto di foglie di carciofo per il controllo dei sintomi della dispepsia funzionale
[Phytotherapy with a mixture of dry extracts with heapto-protective effects containing artichoke leaves in the management of functional dyspepsia symptoms]
Minerva Gastroenterol Dietol, 2010, 56(2), 93-99
Observational trial, Curcuma, Curcuma longa, Cynara cardunculus subsp. flavescens, Dyspepsia, Clinical research, Kombinationsarzneimittel, Complementary and alternative medicine, Gastrointestinal tract, Phytomedicine, Taraxacum
368 Bjelakovic, G.; Gluud, L.L.; Nikolova, D.; Bjelakovic, M.; Nagorni, A.; Gluud, C.
Meta-analysis: Antioxidant supplements for liver diseases - the Cochrane Hepato-Biliary Group
Aliment Pharmacol Ther, 2010, 32(3), 356-367
Acidum, Acidum ascorbicum, Antioxidants, Beta-Carotin, Carotin, Nutrition/diet, Clinical research, Complementary and alternative medicine, Liver, Gastrointestinal tract, Meta-analysis, Dietary supplementation, Selenium, Tokopherol
369 Tufan, Z.K.; Arslan, H.; Yildiz, F.; Bulut, C.; Irmak, S.; Demiroz, A.P.
Acupuncture for depression and myalgia in patients with hepatitis
An observational study
Acupunct Med, 2010, 28(3), 136-139
Acupuncture, Observational trial, Muscoskeletal -/Connective tissue system, Depression, Hepatitis, Clinical research, Complementary and alternative medicine, Gastrointestinal tract, Muscles, Mental diseases, Traditional Chinese medicine, Muscle pain (unspecified)
370 Patel, M.; Schimpf, M.O.; O'Sullivan, D.M.; LaSala, C.A.
The use of senna with docusate for postoperative constipation after pelvic reconstructive surgery
A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial
Am J Obstet Gynecol, 2010, 202(5), 479.e1-e5
Surgery, Gynaecology, Clinical research, Complementary and alternative medicine, Gastrointestinal tract, Phytomedicine, Placebo-controlled, Randomized trial, Senna, Constipation
371 Huber, R.; Ditfurth, A.V.; Amann, F.; Güthlin, C.; Rostock, M.; Trittler, R.; Kümmerer, K.; Merfort, I.
Tormentil for active ulcerative colitis
An open-label, dose-escalating study
J Clin Gastroenterol, 2007, 41(9), 834-838
Observational trial, Ulcerative colitis, Clinical research, Complementary and alternative medicine, Gastrointestinal tract, Phytomedicine, posology, Potentilla, Potentilla tormentilla
372 Lai, T.K.T.; Cheung, M.C.; Lo, C.K.; Ng, K.L.; Fung, Y.H.; Tong, M.; Yau, C.C.
Effectiveness of aroma massage on advanced cancer patients with constipation
A pilot study
Complement Ther Clin Pract, 2011, 17(1), 37-43
Aromatherapy, Clinical research, Complementary and alternative medicine, Cancer, Gastrointestinal tract, Manual therapy, Massage, Phytomedicine, Randomized trial, Constipation
373 Eshghi, F.; Hosseinimehr, S.J.; Rahmani, N.; Khademloo, M.; Norozi, M.S.; Hojati, O.
Effects of Aloe vera cream on posthemorrhoidectomy pain and wound healing
Results of a randomized, blind, placebo-control study
J Altern Complement Med, 2010, 16(6), 647-650
Aloe, Aloe vera, Surgery, Hemorrhoids, Clinical research, Complementary and alternative medicine, Gastrointestinal tract, Phytomedicine, Placebo-controlled, Randomized trial, Wound healing
374 Liodden, I.; Howley, M.; Grimsgaard, S.; Fonnebo, V.; Borud, E.K.; Alrek, T.; Norheim, A.J.
Perioperative acupuncture and postoperative acupressure prevent postoperative vomiting in children undergoing tonsillectomy and/or adenoidectomy
International Society for Complementary Medicine Research (ICCMR): ICCMR 2010. 5th International Congress on Complementary Medicine Research., 2010, 3-4 (Symposiumsbeitrag; Abstract)
Acupressure, Acupuncture, Surgery, Vomiting, Clinical research, Complementary and alternative medicine, Gastrointestinal tract, Pediatrics, Postoperative complaints, Randomized trial, Traditional Chinese medicine
375 Gasbarrini, G; Zaccone, V.; Covino, M.; Gallo, A.
Effectiveness of a "cold dessert", with or without the addition of a mixture of digestive herbs, in subjects with "functional dyspepsia"
J Biol Regul Homeost Agents, 2010, 24(1), 93-98
Observational trial, Cynara cardunculus subsp. flavescens, Dyspepsia, Nutrition/diet, Clinical research, Complementary and alternative medicine, Gastrointestinal tract, Melissa, lemon balm, Phytomedicine
376 Sevar, K.; Webb, A.; Catto-Smith, A.G.
Hypnotherapy as a novel adjunctive therapy in paediactric Inflammatory Bowel Disease
A pilot cohort case series
International Society for Complementary Medicine Research (ICCMR): ICCMR 2010. 5th International Congress on Complementary Medicine Research., 2010, 16-17 (Symposiumsbeitrag; Abstract)
Observational trial, Ulcerative colitis, Hypnosis, Clinical research, Complementary and alternative medicine, Gastrointestinal tract, Mind-body medicine, Pediatrics
377 Aviner, S.; Berkovitch, M.; Dalkain, H.; Braunstein, R.; Lomnicky, Y.; Schlesinger, M.
Use of a homeopathic preparation for "infantile colic" and an apparent lifethreatening event
Pediatrics, 2010, 125(2), e318-e323
Observational trial, Bryonia, Chamomilla, Colocynthis, Cuprum, Homeopathy, Clinical research, Colic, Complementary and alternative medicine, Gastrointestinal tract, Magnesium, Magnesium phosphoricum, Nux vomica, Pediatrics, Retrospective design, Adverse effect, Veratrum
378 Jiang, Y.H.; Jiang, W.; Jiang, L.M.; Lin, G.X.; Yang, H.; Tan, Y.; Xiong, W.W.
Clinical efficacy of acupuncture on the morphine-related side effects in patients undergoing spinal-epidural anasthesia and analgesia
Chin J Integr Med, 2010, 16(1), 71-74
Acupuncture, Vomiting, Skin diseases, Itching, Clinical research, Complementary and alternative medicine, Gastrointestinal tract, Placebo-controlled, Randomized trial, Traditional Chinese medicine, Sickness
379 Shinozaki, M.; Kanazawa, M.; Kano, M.; Endo, Y.; Nakaya, N.; Hongo, M.; Fukudo, S.
Effect of autogenic training on general improvement in patients with irritable bowel syndrome
A randomized controlled trial
Appl Psychophysiol Biofeedback, 2010, 35(3), 189-198
Autogenic training, Clinical research, Complementary and alternative medicine, Gastrointestinal tract, Mind-body medicine, Randomized trial, Irritable bowel syndrome
380 Sevar, K.; Webb, A.N.; Catto-Smith, A.G.
Hypnotherapy as anovel adjunctive therapy in paediatric inflammatory Bowel Disease
A case series
International Society for Complementary Medicine Research (ICCMR): ICCMR 2010. 5th International Congress on Complementary Medicine Research., 2010, 59-60 (Symposiumsbeitrag; Abstract)
Observational trial, Ulcerative colitis, Hypnosis, Hypnotherapy, Clinical research, Complementary and alternative medicine, Gastrointestinal tract, Mind-body medicine, Pediatrics
381 Stange, R.; Uehleke, B.; Ortiz, M.; Zielisch, H.
Silicic acid gel improves gastrointestinal disorders in an observational study
International Society for Complementary Medicine Research (ICCMR): ICCMR 2010. 5th International Congress on Complementary Medicine Research., 2010, 67-68 (Symposiumsbeitrag; Abstract)
Observational trial, Clinical research, Complementary and alternative medicine, Gastrointestinal tract, Silicea
382 Park, J.W.; Ryu, B.; Yeo, I.; Jerng, U.M.; Han, G.; Oh, S.; Lee, J.; Kim, J.
Banha-sasim-tang as an herbal formual for the treatment of functional dyspepsia
A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, two-center trial
Trials, 2010, 11, 83; (1-7)
Dyspepsia, Clinical research, Complementary and alternative medicine, Gastrointestinal tract, Phytomedicine, Placebo-controlled, Randomized trial, Traditional Korean Medicine
383 Stringer, J.; Donald, G.
Aromasticks in cancer care
An innovation not to be Sniffed at
Complement Ther Clin Pract, 2011, 17(2), 116-121
Anxiety, Aromatherapy, Observational trial, Clinical research, Complementary and alternative medicine, Cancer, Gastrointestinal tract, Phytomedicine, Mental diseases, Retrospective design, Sleep disorders, Stress, Sickness
384 Wan, H.; Chen, Y.
Effects of antidepressive treatment of Saint John's wort extract related to autonomic nevous function in women with irritable bowel syndrome
Int J Psychiatry Med, 2010, 40(1), 45-56
Depression, Hypericum, St John's wort, Clinical research, Complementary and alternative medicine, Gastrointestinal tract, Nervous system, Non-randomized trial, Phytomedicine, Mental diseases, Irritable bowel syndrome, Vegetative nervous system
385 Ge, A.X.; Ryan, M.E.; Giaccone, G.; Hughes, M.S.; Pavletic, S.Z.
Acupuncture treatment for persistent hiccups in patients with cancer
J Altern Complement Med, 2010, 16(7), 811-816
Acupuncture, Observational trial, Clinical research, Complementary and alternative medicine, Cancer, Gastrointestinal tract, Retrospective design, Hiccup, Traditional Chinese medicine
386 Wiberg, J.M.; Nordsteen, J.; Nilsson, N.
The short-term effect of spinal manipulation in the treatment of infantile colic
A randomized controlled clinical trial with a blinded observer
J Manipulative Physiol Ther, 1999, 22(8), 517-522
Chiropractic, Clinical research, Colic, Complementary and alternative medicine, Gastrointestinal tract, Manual therapy, Pediatrics, Randomized trial
387 Olafsdottir, E.; Forshei, S.; Fluge, G.; Markestad, T.
Randomised controlled trial of infantile colic treated with chiropractic spinal manipulation
Arch Dis Child, 2001, 84(2), 138-141
Chiropractic, Clinical research, Colic, Complementary and alternative medicine, Gastrointestinal tract, Manual therapy, Pediatrics, Placebo-controlled, Randomized trial
388 Hayden, C.; Mullinger, B.
A preliminary assessment of the impact of cranial osteopathy for the relief of infantile colic
Complement Ther Clin Pract, 2006, 12(2), 83-90
Clinical research, Colic, Complementary and alternative medicine, Cranio-sacral therapy, Gastrointestinal tract, Manual therapy, Osteopathy, Pediatrics, Randomized trial
389 Huhtala, V.; Lehtonen, L.; Heinonen, R.; Korvenranta, H.
Infant massage compared with crib vibrator in the treatment of colicky infants
Pediatrics, 2000, 105(6), E84; (1-6)
Clinical research, Colic, Complementary and alternative medicine, Gastrointestinal tract, Manual therapy, Massage, Pediatrics, Randomized trial
390 Jia, G.; Meng, M.B.; Huang, Z.W.; Qing, X.; Lei, W.; Yang, X.N.; Liu, S.S.; Diao, J.C.; Hu, S.Y.; Lin, B.H.; Zhang, R.M.
Treatment of functional constipation with the Yun-chang capsule
A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, dose-escalation trial
J Gastroenterol Hepatol, 2010, 25(3), 487-493
Aloe, Citrus, Citrus aurantium, Chinese medicinal herbs, Clinical research, Kombinationsarzneimittel, Complementary and alternative medicine, Gastrointestinal tract, Placebo-controlled, Polygonum, Polygonum multiflorum, posology, Randomized trial, Traditional Chinese medicine, Constipation, Panax, Panax ginseng
391 Ali, M.S.; Ponnam, H.B.; Overai, P.; Singh, V.; Nayak, C.
Acute diarrhoeal diseases in children treated by homoeopathy
A prospective open clinical trial
Natl J Homoeopath, 2009, 11(7), 36-42
Observational trial, Diarrhoeal disorder, Homeopathy, Clinical research, Complementary and alternative medicine, Gastrointestinal tract, Pediatrics
392 Brzosko, W.J.; Gladysz, A.; Juszczyk, J.
PADMA 28 in der Behandlung der chronisch aktiven Hepatitis
BM, 1986, 15(6), 300-305
Observational trial, Hepatitis, Clinical research, Complementary and alternative medicine, Gastrointestinal tract, Padma, Traditional Tibetan medicine
393 Gladysz, A.; Juszczyk, J.; Brzosko, W.J.
Influence of PADMA 28 on patients with chronic active hepatitis B
Phytother Res, 1993, 7(3), 244-247
Observational trial, Hepatitis, Immunomodulation, Immune system, Clinical research, Complementary and alternative medicine, Gastrointestinal tract, Padma, Traditional Tibetan medicine
394 Nayak, C.; Singh, V.; Singh, K.; Singh, H.; Sharma, A.; Oberai, P.; Roja, V.; Nayak, D.; Padmanabhan, M.; Mishra, A.; Sehegal, G.C.; Kaushik, S.; Chowdhary, C.P.; Singh, V.K.; Ali, S.; Bindu, P.H.; Sarkar, D.B.
A prospective multicentric observational study to determine the usefulness of predefined homoeopathic medicines in the management of acute diarrhoeal disease in children
Am J Homeopath Med, 2009, 102(3), 122-129
Aethusa, Observational trial, Calcium, Calcium carbonicum Hahnemanni, Calcium sulfuricum, Chamomilla, Diarrhoeal disorder, Homeopathy, Ipecacuanha, Clinical research, Complementary and alternative medicine, Gastrointestinal tract, Magnesium, Magnesium chloratum, Mercurius, Mercurius solubilis Hahnemanni, Pediatrics, Phosphorus, Podophyllum, Psorinum, Rheum, Rheum palmatum, Silicea, Stramonium, Sulfur
395 Jiang, W.; Wang, X.; Xu, X.; Kong, L.
Effect of Schisandra sphenanthera extract on the concentration of tacrolimus in the blood of liver transplant patients
Int J Clin Pharmacol Ther, 2010, 48(3), 224-229
Observational trial, Blood, Blood/Lymphatic system, Chinese medicinal herbs, Clinical research, Complementary and alternative medicine, Liver, Gastrointestinal tract, Schizandra, Schizandra chinensis, Traditional Chinese medicine
396 Sumida, Y.; Kanemasa, K.; Fukumoto, K.; Yoshida, N.; Sakai, K.
Effects of dietary iron reduction versus phlebotomy in patients with chronic hepatitis C
Results from a randomized, controlled trial on 40 Japanese patients
Intern Med, 2007, 46(10), 637-642
Purgative therapy, Bloodletting, Diet, Nutrition/diet, Hepatitis, Clinical research, Complementary and alternative medicine, Gastrointestinal tract, Randomized trial
397 Elsenbruch, S.; Langhorst, J.; Popkirowa, K.; Müller, T.; Lüdtke, R.; Franken, U.; Paul, A.; Spahn, G.; Michalsen, A.; Janssen, O.E.; Schedlowski, M.; Dobos, G.J.
Effects of mind-body therapy on quality-of-life and neuroendocrine and cellular immune functions in patients with ulcerative colitis
Psychother Psychosom, 2005, 74(5), 277-287
Ulcerative colitis, Immunomodulation, Clinical research, Complementary and alternative medicine, Gastrointestinal tract, Mind-body medicine, Nervous system, Mental diseases, Psychoneuro-endocrinology, Psychoneuroimmunology, Randomized trial
398 Hawrelak, J.A.; Myers, S.P.
Effects of two natural medicine formulations on irritable bowel syndrome symptoms
A pilot study
J Altern Complement Med, 2010, 16(10), 1065-1071
Observational trial, C-IBS, DA-IBS, Diarrhoeal disorder, Clinical research, Kombinationsarzneimittel, Complementary and alternative medicine, Gastrointestinal tract, Phytomedicine, Irritable bowel syndrome, Constipation
399 Zhang, C.X.; Qin, Y.M.; Guo, B.R.
Clinical study on the treatment of gastroesophageal reflux by acupuncture
Chin J Integr Med, 2010, 16(4), 298-303
Acupuncture, Clinical research, Complementary and alternative medicine, Gastrointestinal tract, Randomized trial, Heartburn, Traditional Chinese medicine
400 De Filippo, C.; Cavalieri, D.; Di Paola, M.; Ramazzotti, M.; Poullet, J.B.; Massart, S.; Collini, S.; Pieraccini, G.; Lionetti, P.
Impact of diet in shaping gut microbiota revealed by a comparative study in children from Europe and rural Africa
Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 2010, 107(33), 14691-14696
Observational trial, Nutrition/diet, Clinical research, Complementary and alternative medicine, Gastrointestinal tract, Pediatrics